Analysis of the most relevant accidents in mines

Analysis of the most relevant accidents in mines

After I've been researching and describing all the most relevant accidents in mines, I made this graphic to compare fatality and how often the accidents happens.

this is my conclusion for them:

the yellow line reflects the Non Fatal accidents but rarely happen. (it does not make sense to try in here).

the red line says how the stupidest accidents occurs but they are not fatal ones, an example can be an small accident with a common tool. (this one also does make me feel that it is very important to develop it).

the blue line stands out how safe the machinery is. (so the problem is not on the machinery).

the purple line indicates how the explosions and inundations (not only water can be gases too) can be very fatal but they are not the most frequently ones (I think in here there's something interesting to explore).

and finally the green line indicates what are the most common and fatal accidents that we highlight most part of the time they are caused by external factors (can be nature or oversight) because the maintenance of the machinery is good but some human mistakes causes them. (here I believe is a great opportunity because of the risk and its frequently) 

Communication rescue kit

Suitable for Three Rescuers: Two Entrants / One Attendant; The Mine Rescue Kit is designed for: Mine Rescue and Confined Space Rescue The Mine Rescue Kit is a two-way communications system designed to provide full duplex voice communication to each member of a mine rescue team.  The system is designed for one attendant and two entrants, but can be expanded to five entrants.  The Kit comes with 1000 feet of communications cable that can be quickly deployed and managed with the Cable Reel.  The cable splitter allows the Rescuers to fan out 10 to 15 feet in either direction and still maintain voice communications. (communication between the rescue crew is vital for this project because they work in team)

Trauma first AID kit

Trauma first AID kit

This unit is an all-in-one first aid kit which splits into two separate units. One half of the box contains Splinting and transport items while the other half contains Trauma and Airway related items.

Principles of mine rescue

principles of mine rescue

In this link I found a lots of information about the procedures and roles of the miners in different accident cases. 

MSA Thermal Imaging Cameras

Thermal Imaging Camera

The MSA Thermal Imaging Camera is a self-contained, battery-operated unit incorporating a miniature display monitor. It is intended primarily for use as a firefighting aid, giving good quality thermal pictures through dense smoke where normal vision is impossible.

The CAREvent Ventilator

The CAREvent Ventilator

The CAREvent Ventilator is lightweight and portable, this unit provides a safe and effective means of providing demand breathing or artificial ventilation to casualties suffering respiratory difficulties or cardiac arrest. The ventilator is pneumatic (i.e. no batteries required) and gives breath by breath consistency in delivered tidal volume, frequency, and flow rates.
This kind of products are commonly used in mine rescue operations. They are used by the victims but brought by the rescuers.

Immediately reportable accidents and injuries.

1. A death of an individual at a mine;
2. An injury to an individual at a mine which has a reasonable potential to cause death;
3. An entrapment of an individual for more than thirty minutes;
4. An unplanned inundation of a mine by a liquid or gas;
5. An unplanned ignition or explosion of gas or dust;
6. An unplanned mine fire not extinguished within 30 minutes of discovery;
7. An unplanned ignition or explosion of a blasting agent or an explosive;
8. An unplanned roof fall at or above the anchorage zone in active workings where roof bolts are in use; or, an unplanned roof or rib fall in active workings that impairs ventilation or impedes passage;
9. A coal or rock outburst that causes withdrawal of miners or which disrupts regular mining activity for more than one hour;
10. An unstable condition at an impoundment, refuse pile, or culm bank which requires emergency action in order to prevent failure, or which causes individuals to evacuate an area; or, failure of an impoundment, refuse pile or culm bank;
11. Damage to hoisting equipment in a shaft or slope which endangers an individual or which interferes with use of the equipment for more than thirty minutes.
12. An event at a mine which causes death or bodily injury to an individual not at the mine at the time the event occurs.

I found this modern regulations based since 1977 by MSHA in the US, it is important because they are the bases for today's procedures.